Stuart Greene's "Argument as Conversation: The Role of Inquiry In Writing a Research Paper" and Michael Kleine's "What Is It We Do When We Write Articles Like This One- And How Can We Get Students to Join Us?" are two essay that discuss different methods of research writing. Greene advocates researching for the sake of collecting information. And Kleine's essay focuses research on the discovery of new information, with an emphasis on putting that information to use. Greene recognizes three important steps when setting up your argument. One, identify the issue. Draw attention that exits between the conflicting points of view. Two, identify the situation. And three, frame a question around the issue you stated. The main advantages of framing a question are it helps organize your thoughts, it provides a description around which your argument develops, and it allows others to respond. Greene states that "research can provide a means of framing an argument in order to move a conversation along and to say something new."
The scope of Kleine's essay is to prove that academics and professors from different professions have much to share and learn from one another. Students are strongly encouraged to learn from essays like this one and to follow the guidelines their professors have set for them. According to Kleine, the purpose of a research paper is the discovery of new knowledge and to share the knowledge to anyone interested. The correct process to go about doing this is to collect data, seek patterns to confirm your hypotheses, and to take the relevant information and put it into writing. Two methods of collecting data are the strategic method and the heuristic method. The strategic method is a planned process of collecting information then writing a detailed account of their focus. The heuristic method allows unexpected data to find its way into your research paper that you found while searching for your original information. Kleine believes both methods are necessary when writing a good research paper. Kleine compares the strategic and heuristic methods to hunting and gathering; hunting being the strategic collecting of information and gathering being the flexibility of allowing new information. "A hunter finds what he is looking for; a gatherer discovers that which might be of use."
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